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Techniques in Reading and Reciting Poetry
Tools for Reading Poetry
A few simple tools can help to transform any poetry reading experience
from a bout with incomprehension to an
enjoyable study on the way words, lives, emotions, souls, and experiences
move through the eyes, minds, and
hearts of the women and men who wrote these works.
Read more about the source of the poet’s inspiration.
(They may have info in their commentary)
If you can discover what’s in the poet’s soul, heart, and mind,
you can unearth his or her motivation for putting pen to paper.
Try reading each line aloud. See if you can feel the
energy, and emotion as each word forms upon, and releases
from your lips. Pause accordingly at each punctuation mark.
Take another breath. Sense the musical rhythm. Imagine the
poet reading the work through your voice.
Study the movement. What is the meter? How are
punctuation marks used – if they’re used at all? How do
syllables and meter work together? This movement defines
the inner experience of the poem.
Consider a poet’s word choices.
Picture the nouns and try to envision yourself in that place or holding that thing.
Feel the verbs and look at how they move the poem forward.
Interpret how and why the poet matched nouns and verbs in
such a specific way.
Study the structure. Chances are, there’s a specific reason why
a poet chooses a particular form to write a particular poem. If
you can learn more about the form from this exhibit, the books
listed in in the school guide in the school forum, it may be easier
to interpret a poem written in that form. Then ask, Why did the
poet choose that form? How does that form bring out the subject
or mood of the poem? For example, a poem written in free verse
conveys a more open relationship between a poet’s voice and the
experience than a poem written in tightly rhyming quatrains.
Explore additional layers. Poems are the world’s greatest
extended metaphors. For countless centuries, poets were vital
information links to citizens in repressed societies. If a poet didn’t
write metaphorically, he or she faced the wrath of the ruling
regime. Since poems draw from the souls of their authors, they
usually transmit the experience at different physical, emotional,
intellectual, and spiritual levels, creating an exciting atmosphere
of discovery for the reader. When scanning a line of poetry, see
how it feels. Does the line relate to your core truths and beliefs? If
you feel happier or sadder – or any other emotion – after you’ve read it,
you’re probably uncovering the poem’s deeper layers.
Read from inside and outside the poet’s cultural context. One
of the best ways to gain perspective on the vastness and richness of
a poem, particularly a poem from yesteryear that still commands
attention today, is to read from within and outside the poet’s
cultural context. Learning more about a specific poet’s life, interests,
home, circles of friends, and his or her social and cultural setting gives
you hints so you can more clearly interpret the work.
Don’t worry if you don’t get it. Some poetry is very dense and
obscure. That’s why academics spend years analyzing poets and the
meaning of their work. If you can’t get through an 18th-century sonnet
without tearing your hair out, put it down and try another form. You
may even find that you enjoy writing poetry more than you enjoy reading it.
Why not give it a try?
Dialect
1. When a provincialism is heard in the middle of a tragic speech, it makes the most beautiful poetry ugly and offends the spectator’s ear. Therefore, the first and most essential task for the reader/actor entering into training is to free theirself from all faults of dialect and to seek to attain a completely pure speech.
2. They who are accustomed to struggling with dialect holds closely to general rules of speech and attempts to enunciate new acquisitions very clearly, indeed more clearly than is required. Even excesses are advisable in this case, without danger of any setback; for it is human nature to turn back readily to old habits and the exess will balance out automatically.
Enunciation
3. Just as in music the correct, exact and pure production of every individual sound is the basis of all artistic presentation, so in dramatic art the pure and distinct enunciation of every individual word is the basis of all forms of recitation and declamation.
4. Enunciation is complete when no syllable of a word is suppressed, but each given its proper value.
5. Enunciation is pure when all words are pronounced in such a way that the audience grasps the sense easily and precisely. Purity and completeness combined make enunciation perfect.
6. The actor should try to acquire perfect enunciation, bearing in mind that a swallowed syllable or an indistinctly pronounced word often makes the whole sentence ambigious, destroying the illusion and often provoking the audience to laughter even in the most serious scenes.
17. Faulty or incorrect memorization is the cause of faulty and incorrect enunciation for many readers/actors. Before committing something to memory, the reader/actor should read the text slowly and deliberately. In doing so, they should avoid all emotion, declamation and play of imagination. They should merely try to read correctly and memorize accurately. Later, many errors will be avoided regarding both accent and enunciation.
Recitation and Declamation
18. By recitation we mean a method of delivery that lies halfway between passionless, detached speech and speech that is highly emotional; it does not soar with feeling, yet it is not completely devoid of expression. The audience must always be aware that the actor is simply reciting a text.
19. To be sure, passages calling for recitation must be presented with the appropriate expression of the sensation and feelings which the poem inspires in the reader through its content. But this must be with moderation and without that complete surrender to the role of that is called for declamation. When the reader/actor recites, their voice is of course guided by the poet’s ideas and by the impressions made on them by various subjects, gentle or horrible, pleasant or unpleasant. They adopt a horrified tone for what is horrible, a tender tone for what is tender, and a solemn tone for what is solemn, but only to demonstrate the consequences and effects of the impression made on him by the subject. They doe not change their own character in the process, nor disown their nature or their individuality, and they may be compared to a piano which is played in the tone natural to the instrument. One is forced by the way a passage is composed to observe the forte or the piano, dolce or furioso; but one does this not by making use of the pedals, but only by the way a passage is composed to observe the forte or the piano, dolce or furioso; but one does this not by making use of the pedals, but only by the transmission of the soul into the fingers which, through their responsiveness –that is, through stronger or gentler pressure on the keys –transmit the spirit of the composition into the particular passage, arousing the sensation which can be produced by its content.
20. However, declamation, or hightened recitation, is quite a different matter. here you must relinquish your innate character, disown your nature and enter completely into the situation and the mood of the person whose part you are speaking. The words you say must be delivered with energy and the liveliest expression, so that it seems that you are actually experiencing every emotion.
Here the player uses the pedals and all modulations of sound that the instrument affords. If they use them with taste, and appropriately, and if beforehand they have studied their possible uses and effects with understanding and diligence, then they can be sure of the most beautiful and accomplished result.
21. One could call declamation a kind of music in prose, for it has in fact much in common with music. But we must make the distinction that music by its very nature has more freedom. The art o declamation is far more limited in the range of its sounds, and it serves ends other than its own. The reader/actor who declaims must always bear this basic fact in mind. If they change pitch too rapidly, if they speak either too low or too high, or uses too many halftones, they approache singing. On the other hand, falling into a monotone is also wrong even in simple recitation. Here we have two extremes, one as dangerous as the other, and between them a third one lies concealed, namely preaching. In trying to avoid the first two, one easily becomes a victim of the last.
30. It is of great advantage to the beginning reader/actor to speak as deeply as possible whenever they declaim. In this way they will develop great range and will consequently be able to produce other gradations of pitch with ease. But if they begin too high and grows accustomed to the upper register, they will lose thier tones, and with them the proper expression of the sublime and the spritual. And what success can they hope for with a shrill, piping voice? But if they have mastered declamation in a deep voice, they can be confident of being able to do complete justice to every possible modulation.
http://www.funtrivia.com/playquiz/quiz284239208aa10.html
Last edited by ThoughtCaster 05-01-2010 at 06:44:13 AM
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